The most common reason for people to have foot problems is due to a destructive force, an abnormal motion, in our feet know as Pronation.
The Gait Cycle is what the foot travels through from the time the heel first hits the ground, through the time the same foot moves across the ground then through the air, until the heel of that same foot strikes the ground again. The first stage, of the 3 stages of the Gait Cycle is called the heel contact stage. A certain amount of Pronation is absolutely needed for the human foot to work. Pronation makes the foot act as a "bag of bones" (loose), or a non-rigid lever, in order for the foot to act as an shock absorber when our body weight meets the ground thru our heel; but more important to act as an adaptor for the foot, for all of the different walking surfaces we are on. This adaption (pronation) is only supposed take place for a split second, in order for the foot to decelerate (slow down), and to figure out what type of walking service it is on. When it goes on longer than that split second is when we start to have a condition known as Abnormal Pronation. This condition in when the foot continues to be a "Bag of Bones" beyond the initial heel strike stage of gait and does not become a rigid lever the way it is suppose to do. When this occurs, the foot is put under a tremendous amount of stress and strain and with time results in Bunions, Heel Spurs, Corns, Calluses, Ingrown Toenails, and numerous other foot problems.
The main reason to have too much pronation is due to the abnormal position of your heel bone from birth. I feel this is an Inherited Trait, and the only known treatment from birth would be to pick different parents next time.
To a lesser degree some people believe that the height of your heel is a factor in the amount of abnormal pronation. If your foot is flat, you may tend to over pronate. If the arch is high you will tend to under pronate.
The treatment for abnormal pronation is relatively simply. With an Orthotic we are able to control the abnormal pronator forces in the majority of our patients.

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